Efecto del vendaje neuromuscular a corto plazo sobre el equilibro y la marcha en la enfermedad de Parkinson: estudio piloto / Short-term effect of neuromuscular bandaging on balance and gait in Parkinson's disease: Pilot study

Introducción: La enfermedad de Parkinson es un proceso neurodegenerativo progresivo e irreversible caracterizado por temblor de reposo, bradicinesia, rigidez y alteraciones del control postural, del equilibrio y de la marcha. El vendaje neuromuscular tiene un efecto de estimulación somatosensorial, con beneficios en el control postural. Método: Estudio piloto con grupo de intervención fisioterapia y grupo experimental (se añade el vendaje neuromuscular) en gastrocnemios y paravertebrales lumbares. Variables: escala de Berg, escala de Tinetti (subescala marcha), test 10m, TUG test, PDQ-39 y registro electromiográfico de gastrocnemios. Se realizaron 3 mediciones: T0 (basal), T1 (2 días postintervención) y T2 (a la semana postintervención); el PDQ-39 se administró en T0 y al mes postintervención. Resultados: Trece voluntarios (estadio III Hoehn y Yahr) fueron seleccionados tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión (9 mujeres y 4 varones). N=7 grupo experimental y N=6 grupo fisioterapia. El contraste intra-grupos mostró mejoras significativas a favor del grupo experimental en la escala de Berg (T1 y T2), la prueba de 10m (T2) y en la menor actividad muscular media de gastrocnemios (T1). El contraste inter-grupos evidenció, únicamente, diferencias en el registro electromiográfico de la contracción muscular del miembro inferior derecho, tras la aplicación del vendaje neuromuscular, en T1. Conclusiones: La aplicación del vendaje neuromuscular en los erectores del raquis lumbar y los gastrocnemios de manera bilateral, podría mejorar la marcha y el equilibrio, en sujetos con enfermedad de Parkinson en el estadio III de Hoehn y Yahr, pero su efecto no es superior al tratamiento fisioterápico convencional.(AU)

Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative process characterized by tremor at rest, bradykinesia, stiffness, disorders in postural control, balance and gait. Kinesiology tape has a somatosensory stimulating effect, with benefits in postural control. Method: A pilot study with a Physiotherapy Intervention Group and an Experimental Group (kinesiology tape was added) in gastrocnemius and lumbar spinal erectors. Outcome assessments were Berg scale, Tinetti scale (walking subscale), 10m test, TUG test, PDQ-39 and gastrocnemius electromyographic record. Three measurements were made: T0 (baseline), T1 (two days post-intervention) and T2 (one week post-intervention); PDQ-39 was administered at T0 and one month after the intervention. Results: Thirteen participants (stage III Hoehn and Yahr) were selected after applying the inclusion criteria (nine women and four men). N=7 Experimental Group and N=6 Physiotherapy Group. The intra-group contrast showed significant improvements in favor of the Experimental Group in Berg scale (T1 and T2), 10m test (T2) and in lower mean gastrocnemius muscle activity (T1). The inter-group contrast only evidenced differences in electromyographic recording of the muscle contraction of the right lower limb, after the application of kinesiology tape, in T1. Conclusions: The application of kinesiology tape in the lumbar spinal erectors and gastrocnemius bilaterally could improve gait and balance, in subjects with Parkinson's disease in Hoehn and Yahr stage III, but its effect is not superior to conventional physiotherapy treatment.(AU)

Ankle-knee coupling responses to ankle Kinesio™ taping during single-leg drop landings in collegiate athletes with chronic ankle instability.

BACKGROUND: Ankle Kinesio-taping (KT) is being globally used an intervention to provide the ankle joint complex with sufficient support against sudden excessive mechanical stress during various activities. However, its effects on proximal joints are unclear. This study investigated the impact of ankle KT on ankle-knee joint coupling in sagittal, frontal and transverse planes. METHODS: Adopting a pretest post-test study design, 30 collegiate athletes with chronic ankle instability performed 3 single-leg drop landings in each non-taped and Kinesio-taped conditions and their movement kinematics were recorded using 6 optoelectronic cameras. RESULTS: The ankle angular velocities in sagittal (P=0.038, d=0.64) and transverse planes (P=0.001, d=0.95) decreased after KT application, while the knee internal rotation velocities increased (P=0.020, d=0.51). The coupling angles revealed that the ankle movement ratios significantly decreased in 3 planes in comparison with knee movement ratios. CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes of this study illustrated that application of ankle KT leaves the individuals with a stiffer ankle joint, which increases the mechanical stresses to this joint and decreases its stiffness in absorbing the applied shocks. Further, ankle KT application resulted in more knee internal rotation moments and may increase the risk of knee injuries during landing after a long-term usage in patients with instability ankle sprain.

Systematic Review on Effectiveness of shoulder taping in Hemiplegia.

BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain and subluxation are the commonly encountered problems among subjects with hemiplegia. Rehabilitating the shoulder following stroke is a challenging task among physiotherapists in rehabilitation set up. There is a need to validate the effectiveness of externally applied taping materials in hemiplegic shoulder. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review analyses the efficacy of taping on hemiplegic shoulder in terms of alleviating pain and managing subluxation. METHODS: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effects of taping on hemiplegic shoulder. Articles were electronically searched from the year 2000 to 2017 in the 4 databases, Google scholar, CINAHL, Pubmed, and Pedro. Reviewers graded the papers according to Lloyd-Smith's hierarchy of evidence scale. Papers were quality appraised using a systematic review of RCT tool developed by National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (United States), named as quality assessment of controlled intervention studies tool. RESULTS: Eight papers were included, totaling 132 participants. All the RCT's included in this review were good quality. There was a significant effect on taping method for reduction of pain and subluxation among subjects with stroke. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review provides sufficient evidence to suggest taping is a beneficial method for reducing pain and shoulder subluxation among stroke subjects.

Efeito da Kinesio Taping no desempenho do salto horizontal e vertical em atletas recreacionais de voleibol / The effect of Kinesio Taping in the performance of horizontal and vertical jumps in volleyball athletes

O objetivo deste trabalho concentra-se em avaliar os efeitos da Kinesio Taping na potência dos membros inferiores após 24, 48 e 72 horas de aplicação da bandagem, bem como 24 horas após a sua retirada. Trata-se de estudo experimental, com 40 atletas, divididos em grupo placebo (GP) e grupo Kinesio Taping (GKT). Foram avaliados o Single-Leg Hop Test, salto em distância e o teste de impulsão vertical, durante cinco dias consecutivos. Utilizou-se os testes ANOVA, t Student e Mann-Whitney (p ≤ 0,05). No grupo GKT não houve aumento da potência dos membros inferiores ao longo dos dias de uso do KT. Porém, quando comparado ao GP, mostrou-se superior para os três saltos. No Single-Leg Hop Test houve melhora após 72 horas de aplicação e 24 horas após a retirada do KT. Para o salto em distância houve melhora durante 24, 48 e 72 horas após a aplicação do KT e 24 horas após a sua retirada. E o teste de impulsão vertical apenas melhorou após 24, 48 e 72 horas de aplicação do KT. Assim, o KT não mostrou melhora da potência durante os dias, porém apresentou superioridade quando comparado ao GP

The effects of Kinesio Taping in the strength of the lower members are evaluated after 24, 48 and 72 hours of bandage application and after 24 hours after release. Current experimental study involved 40 athletes, divided into a placebo group (PG) and Kinesio Taping Group (KTG). The Single-Leg Hop Test, distance jump and the vertical impulse test were assessed during five consecutive days. ANOVA, Student´s t test and Mann-Whitney test were employed (p ≤ 0.05). There was no increase in the strength of the lower members in the KTG during the days in which KT was employed. When compared to PG, it was better for the three jumps. In the case of Single-Leg Hop Test, an improvement occurred during 24, 48 and 72 h of KT application and 24 h after release. In the case of the vertical impulse, improvement occurred only after 24, 48 and 72 hours of KT application. KT failed to improve strength even though higher rates occurred when compared to PG results

The effectiveness of the low-power laser and kinesiotaping in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome, a pilot study.

In mild and moderate cases of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the conservative approach is suggested. The purpose of this study is to assess and compare the effect of low-power laser versus the combination of low-power laser and kinesiotaping on pain, muscle strength, functionality, and electrophysiologic parameters in the patients with CTS. The study was planned as single-blind, prospective, randomized control. 64 hands diagnosed with CTS were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into three groups by closed envelope method. Low-power laser therapy was applied to Group 1 (21 hands), kinesiotaping and low-power laser therapy in group 2 (22 hands), sham laser therapy in Group 3 (21 hands). All patients were assessed by visual numeric pain scale (VNS), hand grip strength (HGS), finger pinch strength (FPS), the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ), before treatment, after treatment (3rd week), and after (12th week) 3 months the treatment with the same physician. Motor and sensory nerve conduction studies were performed with electroneuromyography (ENMG) before the treatment (0th week) and at the end of the 12th week. Comparison of the group 1 with the group 3 showed significantly better improvement in the former in VNS, BCTSQ at 3rd week and 12th week compared to 0th week, and in FPS and HGS at 3rd week. Comparison of the group 2 with the group 3 showed significantly better improvement in the former VNS, BCTSQ, FPS and HGS at 3rd and 12th week compared to 0th week. When Group 1 and Group 2 were compared there was no statistically significant difference in any parameters in the 3rd week, but there was a statistically significant difference in favor of group 2 in FPS and HGS parameters at the 12th week. We have found that the kinesiotaping method applied with low-power laser treatment does not provide any additional benefit to the low-power laser treatment in the short term, however, in the long term, the increase in the HGS and FPS has occurred. In conclusion, low-power laser and kinesiotaping method in the treatment of CTS may be an effective and reliable treatment option in clinical parameters.

The effects of Kinesiotape on acute lateral ankle sprain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Ankle sprains are some of the most frequent injuries of the musculoskeletal system. However, there is no substantive evidence supporting which treatment strategy is superior. Taping with Kinesiotape (KT) is a new method that is used as an alternative to the more established taping and bracing techniques used for the prophylaxis and treatment of ankle sprains. The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of KT on ankle sprain by comparing acupuncture combined with KT (AcuKT) with acupuncture alone in patients with acute lateral ankle sprains. METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a prospective, multi-center (DongShin University Gwangju Oriental Hospital, DongShin University Mokpo Oriental Hospital, and KyungHee Korean Medicine Hospital), outcome assessor-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants (n = 60) with a lateral ankle sprain occurring within 1 week of the study will be randomly assigned to either an acupuncture group (n = 10 at each center (total n = 30)) or an AcuKT group (n = 10 at each center (total n = 30)). The acupuncture group will receive acupuncture treatment at ST36, ST41, BL60, BL62, KI3, KI6, GB39, and GB40 once per day, 5 days per week (excluding Saturday and Sunday) for 1 week. The AcuKT group will receive acupuncture treatment at ST36, ST41, BL60, BL62, KI3, KI6, GB39, and GB40 and the ankle meridian tendino-musculature and a figure-of-eight shape form of KT treatment once per day, 5 days per week (excluding Saturday and Sunday) for 1 week. The primary outcome will be pain evaluation assessed according to a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), while Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), edema, European Quality of Life Five Dimension-Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5 L) score, and number of recurrent ankle sprains will be considered as secondary outcome measures. VAS, FAOS, and edema measurements will be performed at baseline (before intervention), 5 days after the first intervention (i.e., at the end of the intervention), and 4 weeks after the completion of intervention. EQ-5D-5 L measurements will be conducted at baseline, 5 days after the first intervention, 4 weeks after the completion of intervention, and 26 weeks after the completion of intervention. The number of recurrent ankle sprains will be determined at 4, 8, 12, and 26 weeks after the completion of the intervention. DISCUSSION: This study will provide data regarding the efficacy of KT for the treatment of acute lateral ankle sprain. The results may lead to insights into the usefulness of KT in the treatment of acute lateral ankle sprain. TRIAL REGISTRATION: cris.nih.go.kr, ID: KCT0002257. Registered on 27 February 2017, and approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (Medical Device Clinical Trial Plan Approval #737).

Nonoperative Treatment of Type IIA Supracondylar Humerus Fractures: Comparing 2 Modalities.

BACKGROUND: Although the recommended treatment for Gartland types I and III supracondylar humeral fractures is well-established, the optimal treatment for type II fractures without rotational malalignment remains controversial, involving circumferential casting or closed reduction and pinning. Our institution uses pronated flexion-taping for Gartland type IIA fractures. This theoretically removes external pressure secondary to circumferential casting, potentially decreasing risks of compartment syndrome and mitigating loss of reduction with extension while maintaining optimal flexion position for reduction. To our knowledge, these modalities have not yet been compared. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed to compare flexion-taping with cuff-and-collar immobilization versus traditional above-elbow casting at 90 to 100 degrees. It was hypothesized that closed reduction and flexion-taping of type IIA supracondylar fractures under sedation in the emergency department would result in comparable, if not superior, maintenance of reduction measured radiographically using Baumann angle and the lateral humeral capitellar angle (LHCA). Charts from 2010 to 2015 were reviewed for all patients between 2 and 8 years of age with type IIA fractures treated with cast or taping. RESULTS: A total of 39 patients were included with 16 in the cast group and 23 in the tape group. Mean age was 4.08±1.72 years across both groups. No significant change in either measure was seen at termination of immobilization (3 to 4 wk postreduction). Final lateral humeral capitellar angle in the taping group was 32.14±5.90 degrees compared with 28.23±7.27 degrees in the casting group (P=0.81). Final Baumann angle was 73.41±4.03 degrees in the taping group compared with 73.75±6.46 degrees (P=0.96). The only complication was a self-limiting rash experienced by 1 patient in the taping group. CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques were able to achieve and maintain adequate reduction in all cases with no significant difference in outcome measures. There were no major complications or conversions to surgical treatment. In this cohort, taping resulted in adequate reduction and safe immobilization for type IIA fractures comparable to cast immobilization. Further research will investigate clinical/radiographic outcomes on these patients to assess remodeling and function. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III-retrospective comparative study.

Mcconnell's patellar taping does not alter knee and hip muscle activation differences during proprioceptive exercises: A randomized placebo-controlled trial in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of patellar taping on muscle activation of the knee and hip muscles in women with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during five proprioceptive exercises. Forty sedentary women with syndrome were randomly allocated in two groups: Patellar Taping (based in McConnell) and Placebo (vertical taping on patella without any stretching of lateral structures of the knee). Volunteers performed five proprioceptive exercises randomly: Swing apparatus, Mini-trampoline, Bosu balance ball, Anteroposterior sway on a rectangular board and Mediolateral sway on a rectangular board. All exercises were performed in one-leg stance position with injured knee at flexion of 30° during 15s. Muscle activation was measured by surface electromyography across Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis and Gluteus medius muscles. Maximal voluntary contraction was performed for both hip and knee muscles in order to normalize electromyography signal relative to maximum effort during the exercises. ANOVA results reported no significant interaction (P>0.05) and no significant differences (P>0.05) between groups and intervention effects in all exercise conditions. Significant differences (P<0.01) were only reported between muscles, where hip presented higher activity than knee muscles. Patellar taping is not better than placebo for changes in the muscular activity of both hip and knee muscles during proprioceptive exercises. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02322515.

Kinesiotaping enhances the rate of force development but not the neuromuscular efficiency of physically active young men.

INTRODUCTION: Investigations on the effects of KT on human performance have been increasing in the last few years. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating its effects on neuromuscular efficiency (NME) and rate of force development (RFD). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the NME and RFD of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles in physically active individuals under KT application. METHOD: Twenty young males (79.7±8.2kg; 1.78±0.05m; 24.7±4.4years) performed three conditions in a randomized order: (1) Baseline (BL, no tape); (2) Activation (ACTIKT, tape for muscle activation); and (3) Inhibition (INHIKT, tape for muscle inhibition). The tape was applied along the lateral and medial border of gastrocnemius with 30% tension for 48h. Peak torque (PT), RFD and NME were measured at BL and 48h after ACTIKT and INHIKT by performing a maximum isometric contraction. RESULTS: The RFD was significantly higher in ACTIKT compared to BL at 0-30 (P=0.010), 0-50 (P=0.008) and 0-100ms (P=0.007). The PT and NME did not differ among conditions (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: KT applied for muscle activation yielded a higher RFD during the initial phase of the muscle contraction. However, KT has no enhancement effect on NME and peak torque.

Short-Term Effectiveness of Precut Kinesiology Tape Versus an NSAID as Adjuvant Treatment to Exercise for Subacromial Impingement: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the short-term effectiveness of precut kinesiology tape (PCT) to a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) as adjuvant treatment to exercise physiotherapy in improving pain and function in patients with shoulder impingement. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled assessor-blind parallel-design trial with 3 groups. SETTING: Academic-community hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred patients (mean age: 48 ± 12.3, 61 men, 39 women) with a diagnosis of subacromial impingement (SAI) syndrome were randomized to a treatment group from October 2009 to June 2012. Eighty-one patients completed the study. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized to one of the 3 treatment groups: PCT and Exercise (n = 33), NSAID and Exercise (n = 29), or Exercise only (n = 38) for a 4 session 2-week intervention with a registered physiotherapist. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Numeric pain rating scales for pain at rest and pain with arm elevation, the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and the Constant Score were assessed pretreatment and post-treatment. RESULTS: A statistically significant reduction in pain at rest and pain with arm elevation, as well as improvement in SST and Constant Score were observed in all 3 treatment groups, with minimal clinically important differences shown on pain with elevation and SST scores. Between-group differences on all outcome measures were not statistically significant or clinically meaningful. CONCLUSIONS: The improvements in pain and function observed with an NSAID or PCT as adjuvant treatments were no greater than with rehabilitation exercise alone. If adjuvant treatment is desired, PCT seems to be better tolerated than an NSAID, although the difference did not reach significance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The routine addition of adjuvant treatment is not supported by the results of this study. As adjuvant therapy, PCT seems to be better tolerated than an NSAID. If desired, clinicians may consider incorporating PCT along with an exercise component in the conservative treatment of SAI syndrome.